糖心,Adhering to the Six Guiding Principles for Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively
TheResolutionoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonFurtherDeepeningReformComprehensivelytoAdvanceChineseModernization(hereinafterreferredtoasthe“Resolution”)wasadoptedatthethirdplenarysessionofthe20thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC).TheResolutionprovidesanin-depthsummaryofthevaluableexperiencewehavegainedincomprehensivelydeepeningreformsincethelaunchofreformandopeningupin1978andespeciallyinthenewerawhichbeganin2012.Onthisbasis,itsetsforthsixguidingprinciplesthatwillserveasimportantguidelinesforfurtherdeepeningreformcomprehensively.
First,upholdingtheCPC’soverallleadership.WemustfirmlyupholdtheCentralC糖心VLOG精品一区二区三区 ommittee’sauthorityanditscentralized,unifiedleadershipandensurethatthePartyfulfillsitscoreroleofexercisingoverallleadershipandcoordinatingtheeffortsofallsides.WemustensurethatPartyleadershipisexercisedineveryaspectandthroughouttheentireprocessofreformtomakesurethereformalwaysadvancesinthecorrectpoliticaldirection.
TheCPC’sleadershipisthedefiningfeatureandgreateststrengthofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.ItsoverallleadershiphasbeenthefundamentalguaranteeforthesuccessfuladvancementofChina’sreformandopeningup.Aswecontinuetoreform,weareconfrontedwithformidablechallengesgiventhewiderangeofsectorsanddeep-rootedinterestsinvolved.Wemustcontinuallydeepenourunderstandingofthelawsunderlyingreform,guidepracticeswithnewtheories,andunveilsounder,moreforward-looking,moreproactive,andmoreinnovativereformmeasures.Wemustaccuratelyassesssituationsinordertograspthetiming,trends,risks,opp糖果app ortunities,advantages,andchallengeswefaceinreform.Thiswillensurewecreateasoundbasisforreform-relateddecisions.Wemustadapttothenewrequirementsfordevelopmentandthenewexpectationsofthepeoplebysettingacleardirection,developingwell-craftedplans,anddefiningtheobjectives,tasks,priorities,timetables,androadmapsforreform.Moreover,wemusthavetheimmensepoliticalcourageandunwaveringdeterminationneededtorootoutdeep-seatedproblems,breakdownthebarrierserectedbyvestedinterests,andresolutelyeliminateobstaclesinourthinkingandinstitutionsthatarehinderingtheprogressofChinesemodernization.Finally,wemustbringtogetherthestrengthandwillofthepeopleandfosterapublicopinionatmosphere,politicalecology,andexternalenvironmentthatareconducivetoreform.EachoneofthesetaskshingesonthestrongleadershipofourParty.
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Sincethe18thCPCNationalCongressin2012,reformhasevolvedfromavarietyoftrialsandbreakthroughslimitedtocertainareasintoanintegrateddrivebeingadvancedacrosstheboard.Foundationalinstitutionalframeworkshavebeenbasicallyputinplaceinallsectors,andhistoric,systemic,andholistictransformationshavebeenachievedinmanyfields.Atthefundamentallevel,theseachievementsaretheresultofPresidentXiJinpingtakingthehelmandchartingourcourseandthesoundguidanceofXiJinpingThoughtonSocialismwithChineseCharacteristicsforaNewEra.
Aswecontinuewiththecomprehensivereform,wemustadheretothecentralized,unifiedleadershipoftheCPCCentralCommittee,ensuringthatthegeneraldesign,coordination,andoveralladvancementofreformproceedunderitscommandanddirection.PartycommitteesandPartyleadershipgroupsatalllevelsmustfulfilltheirleadershipresponsibilities.Basedonlocalconditions,theymusteffectivelyplanandpromotereformsintheirrespectiveregionsanddepartmentsandorganizetheimplementationofmajorreforminitiatives.Officialswithprimaryresponsibilityshouldpersonallytakechargeofreformefforts.Theymustbothleadandactivelyparticipateinreform,personallyattendingtoplanningforimportantreforms,overseeingmajorprojects,coordinatingworkatkeylinks,andsupervisingimplementation.Theimplementationofmajorreformmeasuresmustalsobesubjecttooversightandinspectiontoensurethattheytakeeffectandbearfruit.
AdheringtoboththespiritofreformandrigorousstandardsinconductingPartyself-governance,wemustdeepeninstitutionalreformsrelatedtoPartydevelopment.Itisimportanttoapplythe“threedistinctions,”namely,thosebetweenerrorscausedbylackofexperienceinpilotreformsanddeliberateviolationsofdisciplineandlaw;betweenerrorsmadeinconductingexperimentsthatarenotexplicitlyrestrictedbyhigher-levelauthoritiesandarbitraryviolationsofdisciplineandlawinthefaceofhigher-levelauthorities’explicitprohibition;andbetweenunwittingerrorsmadeinpursuingdevelopmentandviolationsofdisciplineandlawforpersonalgain.Onthisbasis,theproblemofofficialsactingarbitrarilyorlackingthewillingness,courage,orabilitytodelivershouldbeaddressed.Wemustencourageallofficialstofullyplaytheirpart,ignitingtheenthusiasm,initiative,andcreativityofthewholePartyfordrivingreformanddevelopmentforward.Indoingso,wewillsteadilyimprovetheParty’sleadershipaswedeepenreformandadvanceChinesemodernization.
Second,adheringtoapeople-centeredapproach.Wemustrespecttheprincipalpositionandpioneeringspiritofthepeopleandmakeourreformmeasureshighlyresponsivetothecallofthepeople,soastoensurethatreformisforthepeopleandbythepeopleandthatitsfruitsaresharedamongthepeople.
Thepeoplearethemainactorsnotonlyinsocialdevelopmentbutalsoinreform.Reformisundertakenforthepeople,itisdrivenforwardbythem,anditseffectivenessmustalsobejudgedbythem.Byfocusingonthefundamentalgoalofmeetingpeople’sever-growingneedsforabetterlifeandmakingsubstantialprogressinpromotingthewell-roundeddevelopmentofpeopleandcommonprosperityforall,reformcanbecomeaprojectofthehighestintegrityandearnthepublic’swholeheartedsupport.Bygivingplaytothepeople’sroleofrunningthecountry,miningtheinexhaustiblewisdomoftheChinesepeople,andunleashingthecreativevitalityofourentiresociety,wecantapintothebroadest,deepest,andmostenduringforcefordrivingreformforward.Whenweallowpeopletobethejudgesofreform,oureffortscanbecomemuchmoretargetedandtheresultsmorepronounced.
Sincethe18thCPCNationalCongress,theCPCCentralCommitteewithXiJinpingatitscorehasremainedcommittedtotheprinciplethatreformisforthepeopleandbythepeopleandthatitsfruitsshouldbesharedamongthepeople.Ithasreliedcloselyonthepeopletoadvancereform,settingtheagendabasedontheirdemandsandexpectations.Ithasidentifiedentrypointsandmadebreakthroughsinreformbyfocusingontheissuesofutmostpublicconcernandfoundinspiredreformideasandinnovativesolutionsintheopinionsandsuggestionsofthepeople.Thishasturnedthecomprehensivedeepeningofreformintoaprocessthatenjoysbroadpublicparticipationandcreatesbenefitsforall.
Infurtheringreform,wemustpursuegreatersocialfairnessandjusticeandincreasedwellbeingofthepeopleasourultimateobjectives.Throughoutthisprocess,wemustadheretothefundamentalstanceandvaluesofthepeople-centeredapproach.Inmakingreform-relateddecisions,weshouldreachouttopeopletosolicittheiropinionsandunderstandtheirneeds.Wemustfullyharnessdemocraticprinciplestotapintothecollectivewisdomofourpeople,ensuringanattentiveeartotheirvoiceandtakingswiftactionwhenpublicconcernsarise.Reformmeasuresmustbehighlyresponsivetothecallofthepeoplesothattheyalignnotonlywithactualconditionsbutpeople’saspirations.
Wemustworkhardertocraftreformsthatgenuinelyenhancepeople’slives,meticulouslyplanningandimplementingmeasuresthatreflectthepublic’spressingconcernsandsincereaspirations.Ourfocusshouldbeonresolvingthemostpressingdifficultiescausingthegreatestconcern,suchasthoserelatingtoemploymentopportunities,incomegrowth,accesstoeducationandhealthcare,affordablehousing,childcareandelderlycare,andecologicalconservation.Thiswillensurethatpeoplederiveagenuinesenseoffulfillmentfromreform.Weshouldalsoinspirepeopletoactivelyparticipateinreform,strivingtofosteravibrantenvironmentwhereeveryoneiseagertogetinvolved,isunitedintheirsupport,andisworkingwithonemindtomakeprogress.Wemustrespectthepioneeringspiritofcommunity-levelorganizationsandthegeneralpublic.Weshouldencourageeffortstoblazenewtrailsandtousenewideasandapproachestosolveemergingissuesinnewfieldsofendeavor,inabidtocreatefreshexperiencesthatcanbeappliedelsewhere.
Third,upholdingfundamentalprinciplesandbreakingnewground.StayingcommittedtoChinesesocialism,wemustkeeppacewiththetimes,adapttotheevolutionofpractice,andtakeaproblem-orientedapproach,sothatfromanewstartingpoint,wecanpromoteinnovationsintheoryandpractice,inourinstitutionsandculture,andinallotheraspects.
Historyevolvesbasedonitsowninternallaws;itscourseisnotsubjecttohumanwill.Themorethoroughlypeoplecangraspthelawsofhistory,theclearerandfirmertheirdirectionofprogresswillbecome,andthestrongerandmoreenduringtheirsenseofinitiativeforforgingthefuturewillbe.Upholdingfundamentalprinciplesmeanssteadfastlyadheringtoapaththatalignswiththelawsofhistoricaldevelopment,neverallowingourselvestobeshakenbyriskorswayedbyinterference.Breakingnewgroundmeanshavingtheunwaveringcourageanddeterminationtoreshaperealitybydismantlingbarriers,thusallowingustomoveforwardinharmonywiththelogicofhistoryandthedevelopmenttrendsofthetimes.
OurPartyhasunitedandledthepeoplethroughdecadesofexplorationsinordertosuccessfullyforgethepathofChinesemodernization,whichoffersasurewayforustobuildagreatcountryandrejuvenatethenation.Thedistinctivefeatures,essentialrequirements,andmajorprinciplesofChinesemodernizationareareflectionofourParty’sdeepunderstandingofthelawsunderlyingthisprocess.Asweadvancereform,wecannotaffordtoneglectanyoftheseelements;allofthemmustbeconsistentlyupheldandappliedatalltimes.Atthesametime,however,Chinesemodernizationisagroundbreakingendeavorwithoutprecedent.Thepathaheadwillinevitablybefraughtwithhardships,unknowns,anddauntingchallenges.Wemustboldlynavigatethesewaters,eliminatingtheoldtomakewayfornewinnovationsthatwilltakeusforward.Wemustworktobetteradapttherelationsofproductiontotheproductiveforces,thesuperstructuretotheeconomicbase,andnationalgovernancetosocialdevelopment.Indoingso,wewillenhancetheuniquefeaturesofChinesemodernization,amplifyitsstrengths,andpavethewaytowardanevenbrighterfuture.
ThepavilionfortheChina(Xinjiang)PilotFreeTradeZoneattheEighthChina-EurasiaExpoonJune25,2024.Forthepastdecadeormore,China’spilotfreetradezoneshavesteadilypursuedintegratedinstitutionalinnovations,helpingtopropelreformanddevelopmentthroughopeningup.PHOTOBYXINHUAREPORTERCHENSHUO
Infurtheringcomprehensivereform,itisvitalthatwestaytruetoourpathandneverwaverinourcommitment.Weshouldneitherretreattotheisolationandrigidityofthepastnorstrayoffcoursebychangingournatureorabandoningoursystem.WemustfirmlyupholdtheFourCardinalPrinciplesasthefoundationofournationandremainresolutelycommittedtoChinesemodernization.WeshouldpursueouroverallgoalsofimprovinganddevelopingthesystemofChinesesocialismandmodernizingoursystemandcapacityforgovernancewithrelentlessdrive,andstaythecourseinadvancingreformstodevelopthesocialistmarketeconomy.Wemustalwaysmaintainthemomentumofreformbyfollowingaproblem-orientedapproach.Ourfocusshouldbeonprominentissuesineveryarea,fromtheeconomytopolitics,culture,society,ecologicalconservation,nationalsecurity,andPartydevelopment.Wemustusethisnewstartingpointtopushfortheoretical,practical,institutional,andculturalinnovations.Wherechangesarenecessaryandfeasible,wemustcarryoutreformdecisively—nodetours,nodelays,andnoevasions.Thisway,wewillfurtherunleashanddeveloptheproductiveforcesandtapintoandboostthevitalityofoursociety.ThiswillensurethatChinesemodernizationalwaysretainsitstremendousvitality.
Fourth,strengtheninginstitutionalbuildingasourmaintask.Wemuststrengthentop-leveldesignandoverallplanning,alwaysestablishingnewsystemsbeforeabolishingoldoneswhileattachingequalimportancetoeffortsinbothrespects.Wemustconsolidatefoundationalsystems,refinebasicsystems,andinnovateimportantsystems.
Acountry’sgreateststrengthliesinitssystem,andthemostfundamentalformofcompetitionbetweennationsisbasedontheirrespectivesystems.Whensystemsarestableandrobust,countriescanstandfirmandgrowstrong.ThesystemofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsisadistillationofthemajorachievementsandhistoricalexperiencescreatedbyourpeopleundertheParty’sleadership.ItencapsulatesourParty’spoliticalideals,objectives,andprogram,aswellasitsstrategicandtacticalapproaches,andreflectstheessentialattributesofChinesesocialism.ItisanadvancedsystemdefinedbyuniqueChinesefeatures,clearinstitutionalstrengths,andatremendouscapacityforself-improvement.Thisadvancedsystemwasnotfullyformedorflawlessatthetimeofitsinception.Rather,ithasrequiredcontinuousreformtobecomeconsolidated,refined,anddeveloped.Sincethe18thCPCNationalCongress,ourPartyhasplacedanemphasisoninstitutionbuildingasthemaintaskofcomprehensivelydeepeningreform.Onthisbasis,wehaveworkedtoacceleratetheself-improvementanddevelopmentofoursocialistsystem,inordertofurtherhighlightitsstrengthsandtheeffectivenessofournationalgovernance.
Infurtheringcomprehensivereform,wemustcontinuetofocusoninstitutionbuildingasourmaintask,workingtoreinforcefoundations,harnessstrengths,andimproveareasofweakness.Weneedtotakestepstoconsolidatefoundationalsystems,refinebasicsystems,andinnovateimportantsystems.ThefoundationalsystemswemustupholdandconsolidatearetheParty’sleadershipsystem,thesystemofpeople’scongresses,thesystemforensuringtheguidingroleofMarxismintheideologicaldomain,andthesystemforensuringtheParty’sabsoluteleadershipoverthepeople’sarmedforces.ThebasicsystemsweneedtorefineanddevelopinlinewiththetimesaretheCPC-ledsystemofmultipartycooperationandpoliticalconsultation,thesystemofregionalethnicautonomy,thesystemofcommunity-levelself-governance,andthebasicsystemsofthesocialisteconomy.Wealsoneedtostepupeffortstoinnovateimportantsystemsformeetingpressingneedsinnationalgovernanceandthepeople’snewexpectationsforlivingabetterlife.
Alltheseeffortsmustadheretotheobjectivelawsunderlyinginstitutionbuilding.Wemustensurethatinstitutionsarebothcomprehensiveandwell-integratedinnatureandpracticableinimplementation.Combiningtherequirementsofthecentralauthoritiesandtheexpectationsofthepeoplewithpracticalneedsandnewexperiences,weshouldfocusonmakinginstitutionsinstructive,targeted,andworkable.Thiswillensuretheyhavesolidfoundations,operatesmoothly,andaretrulyeffective.Weshouldstrivetodevelopacompletesetofinstitutionsthatarewell-conceived,procedure-based,andefficientlyfunctioning.Wealsoneedtostrengthentheenforcementofinstitutionsandupholdtheirauthority.Thismeansreinforcingbindingconstraintstoensureeveryoneistreatedequallyunderourinstitutions,withnoprivilegesorexceptionstoleratedincomplianceandenforcement.Bydoingso,wewillensurethatourinstitutionsmaintaintheirauthorityandperformeffectivelyatalltimesandinallsituations.
Fifth,stayingcommittedtolaw-basedgovernanceonallfronts.WemustdeepenreformandadvanceChinesemodernizationundertheruleoflawandpromoteunitybetweenreformandtheruleoflaw,ensuringthatallmajorreformshaveasolidlegalbasisandthatreformachievementsareelevatedtolawinatimelymanner.
Theruleoflawisthecornerstoneofsoundandeffectivenationalgovernance.Itplaysanirreplaceableroleincoordinatinginterests,defusingsocialtensions,regulatingsocialbehavior,maintainingsocialstability,promotingsocialfairnessandjustice,andensuringthelong-termpeaceandstabilityofthecountry.Reformisessentiallyaprocessofgeneratingfreshvitality,addinggrowthdrivers,andfosteringsynergybydiscardingtheoutdatedinfavorofthenew.Whencarryingoutreform,wemustrelyontheruleoflawtobuildconsensus,overcomeobstacles,consolidateachievements,andensureorderlyprogress.Sincethe18thCPCNationalCongress,ourPartyhasadvancedlaw-basedgovernancewithintheframeworkoftheFour-ProngedComprehensiveStrategy.Thishasmadeitpossibletoadvancereformundertheruleoflawandtoapplytheruleoflawincarryingoutreform.Thisintegratedapproachhasseenlaw-basedgovernanceandreformadvancinginstep,witheachreinforcingtheother.Bylayingemphasisontheneedtouselaw-basedthinkingandactionstotacklethechallengesofreform,wehaveusedtheruleoflawtoguide,advance,regulate,andguaranteeourreformendeavors.Asaresult,theimpressiveprogresswehavemadeinadvancingtheruleoflawhasservedtodrivethedeepeningofreformacrosstheboard.
Wemustpushaheadwithreformundertheruleoflawandcreateasoundlegalbasisforallmajorreforms.Wemustensurethecoordinationandalignmentofreformdecisionsandlegislativedecisions.Whenstudyingpotentialreformplansandmeasures,weneedtoconsiderwhetherthereisalegalbasisforthem.Whennewlawsarenecessary,wemustactswiftlytopresentourlegislativerequestsandproposalstoadvancetheformulationofrelevantlaws.Thisisparticularlytrueforkeysectors,emergingfields,andforeign-relatedareaswherelegislationneedstobeaccelerated.Incaseswhereconditionsaren’tquiteripeforfullimplementationandpilotprogramsareneeded,authorizationshouldbesecuredthroughtheproperlegalchannelsbeforeproceeding.Wemustalsoactquicklytoreviseorrepealexistinglawsandregulationsthatareincompatiblewithreform.Outmodedlegalprovisionsmustnotbeallowedtobecomearoadblockforreform.
Weshouldfocusonharnessingtheforceofthelawtocementandexpandourreformachievements.Whenexperiencesorpracticesprovetobeeffective,weshouldcodifythemintolawinatimelymannertoturnthemintouniversallybindingnorms.Wemustalsomoveaheadwithreformconcerningtheruleoflawitself.Weshouldcoordinateadvancementacrossalllinksfromlegislationandlawenforcementtotheadministrationofjusticeandobservanceofthelawandimprovethemechanismsforensuringallareequalbeforethelawtoupholdtheethosofsocialistruleoflaw.Effortsshouldbemadetoelevateawarenessoftheruleoflawamongeverymemberofsociety,withaparticularfocusonleadingofficialsateverylevel.Allaspectsofreformmustreflectourfaithintheruleoflawaswellastheauthorityandeffectivenessoftheruleoflaw.
Sixth,applyingsystemsthinking.Wemustproperlyhandlethemajorrelationshipsbetweentheeconomyandsociety,betweenthegovernmentandthemarket,betweenefficiencyandfairness,betweenvitalityandorder,andbetweendevelopmentandsecurity,thuspursuingreforminamoresystematic,holistic,andcoordinatedmanner.
Theworldisaninterconnectedwhole,asystemofinteractingelements.Marxistthoughtespousesthesoundapproachofunderstandingtheworldandanalyzingandsolvingitsproblemsfromacomprehensive,systematic,andevolvingperspectivebasedontheuniversalconnectednessofallthings.Atpresent,wearewitnessingaprofoundinterplaybetweenChina’snationalrejuvenationstrategyandtheonce-in-a-centurychangestakingplaceintheworld;allaspectsofeconomicandsocialdevelopmenthavebecomeincreasinglyintegrated,andvarioussocialissueshavebecomeintricatelyintertwined.Nowmorethanever,wemustemployasystematicperspectivetoobserve,grasp,andguidethecurrentsoftheera,soastoensuretheprogressofourcause.
Furtheringcomprehensivereformisacomplexandsystemicproject.Giventhehighdegreeofinterconnectednessandsynergybetweendifferentparts,manyreformswillhaveafar-reachingimpactoncetheytakeeffect.Therefore,wecanneitherrelyonisolatedeffortsnorpushforbreakthroughsonasinglefront.Atthesametime,wecannottreatalltaskswithequalimportanceandattempttotackleeverythingallatonce.Wemustskillfullyemploysystematicthinkingandmethodstounderstandwhatisofprincipalandsecondaryimportanceandtograsptheprincipalissuesandtheirmainaspects.Inthisway,wecanplanandadvancereforminamoresystematic,holistic,andcoordinatedmanner,ensuringthatallreformsalignintermsofpolicyorientation,reinforceeachotherinimplementation,andworkinconcerttoproduceconcreteresults.
Asatop-leveldesignandcomprehensiveplan,theResolutionconsistentlyembodiessystemsthinking.Toimplementtheplansoftheplenarysession,therefore,wemustlikewiseadheretoandapplythissystematicapproach.Properlyhandlingthecriticalrelationshipsbetweentheeconomyandsociety,thegovernmentandthemarket,efficiencyandfairness,vitalityandorder,anddevelopmentandsecurityiscrucialtotheoverallstrategyofChinesemodernization.Theserelationshipsrepresentakeyissuethatmustbeaddressedinfurtherdeepeningreform.Weshouldidentifythemainprioritiesandleveragepointsforreformbasedonthedialecticalunityoftheserelationships,withtheaimofmakingthemmorebalanced,complementary,andmutuallyreinforcing.Informulatingeachreformmeasure,wemustadoptacomprehensiveandholisticperspective,consciouslyoperatingwithintheoverallcontext.Weshouldensurealignmentbetweenalllevelsandcoordinationacrossallsectorsanddepartmentstoavoidneglectingonetaskinfavorofanotherorworkingatcross-purposes.Wemustproperlycalibratethetimingandpaceofnewreformmeasures;weshouldneitheractrashlyandraceaheadimpulsively,norremainpassiveandallowgoodopportunitietxvlogcom糖心官网网站 stopassusby.Wemustthoroughlyconsiderthepotentialramificationsofallmeasuresandworktoensurethateveryreforminitiativedeliversthegreatestpossibleimpact.
(OriginallyappearedinQiushiJournal,Chineseedition,No.15,2024)
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